Pen. Code, § 1026 · Chapter 4. Plea
Pen. Code, § 1026
Text — As published in the Legislative Counsel's database, tables dated October 18, 2026 (pubinfo_2025.zip)
(a) If a defendant pleads not guilty by reason of insanity, and also joins with it another plea or pleas, the defendant shall first be tried as if only the other plea or pleas had been entered, and in that trial the defendant shall be conclusively presumed to have been sane at the time the offense is alleged to have been committed. If the jury finds the defendant guilty, or if the defendant pleads only not guilty by reason of insanity, the question whether the defendant was sane or insane at the time the offense was committed shall be promptly tried, either before the same jury or before a new jury in the discretion of the court. In that trial, the jury shall return a verdict either that the defendant was sane at the time the offense was committed or was insane at the time the offense was committed. If the verdict or finding is that the defendant was sane at the time the offense was committed, the court shall sentence the defendant as provided by law. If the verdict or finding is that the defendant was insane at the time the offense was committed, the court, unless it appears to the court that the sanity of the defendant has been recovered fully, shall direct that the defendant be committed to the State Department of State Hospitals for the care and treatment of persons with mental health disorders or any other appropriate public or private treatment facility approved by the community program director, or the court may order the defendant placed on outpatient status pursuant to Title 15 (commencing with Section 1600) of Part 2.
(b) Prior to making the order directing that the defendant be committed to the State Department of State Hospitals or other treatment facility or placed on outpatient status, the court shall order the community program director or a designee to evaluate the defendant and to submit to the court within 15 judicial days of the order a written recommendation as to whether the defendant should be placed on outpatient status or committed to the State Department of State Hospitals or other treatment facility. A person shall not be admitted to a state hospital or other treatment facility or placed on outpatient status under this section without having been evaluated by the community program director or a designee. If, however, it appears to the court that the sanity of the defendant has been recovered fully, the defendant shall be remanded to the custody of the sheriff until the issue of sanity has been finally determined in the manner prescribed by law. A defendant committed to a state hospital or other treatment facility or placed on outpatient status pursuant to Title 15 (commencing with Section 1600) of Part 2 shall not be released from confinement, parole, or outpatient status unless and until the court that committed the person, after notice and hearing, finds and determines that the person’s sanity has been restored, or meets the criteria for release pursuant to Section 4146 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. This section does not prohibit the transfer of the patient from one state hospital to any other state hospital by proper authority. This section does not prohibit the transfer of the patient to a hospital in another state in the manner provided in Section 4119 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.
(c) If the defendant is committed or transferred to the State Department of State Hospitals pursuant to this section, the court may, upon receiving the written recommendation of the medical director of the state hospital and the community program director, or their designee, or, pursuant to Section 4360.5 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, the recommendation of the independent evaluation panel, that the defendant be transferred to a public or private treatment facility approved by the community program director or their designee, or, pursuant to Section 4360.5 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, the independent evaluation panel, order the defendant transferred to that facility. If the defendant is committed or transferred to a public or private treatment facility approved by the community program director, the court may, upon receiving the written recommendation of the community program director, order the defendant transferred to the State Department of State Hospitals or to another public or private treatment facility approved by the community program director. If either the defendant or the prosecuting attorney chooses to contest either kind of order of transfer, a petition may be filed in the court requesting a hearing, which shall be held if the court determines that sufficient grounds exist. At that hearing, the prosecuting attorney or the defendant may present evidence bearing on the order of transfer. The court shall use the same procedures and standards of proof as used in conducting probation revocation hearings pursuant to Section 1203.2.
(d) Prior to making an order for transfer under this section, the court shall notify the defendant, the attorney of record for the defendant, the prosecuting attorney, and the community program director or a designee.
(e) If the court, after considering the placement recommendation of the community program director or independent evaluation panel required in subdivision (b), orders that the defendant be committed to the State Department of State Hospitals or other public or private treatment facility, the court shall provide copies of the following documents prior to the admission of the defendant to the State Department of State Hospitals or other treatment facility where the defendant is to be committed:
(1) The commitment order, including a specification of the charges.
(2) A computation or statement setting forth the maximum term of commitment in accordance with Section 1026.5.
(3) A computation or statement setting forth the amount of credit for time served, if any, to be deducted from the maximum term of commitment.
(4) State summary criminal history information.
(5) Any arrest reports prepared by the police department or other law enforcement agency.
(6) Any court-ordered psychiatric examination or evaluation reports.
(7) The community program director’s placement recommendation report.
(8) Any medical records.
(f) If the defendant is confined in a state hospital or other treatment facility as an inpatient, the medical director of the facility shall, at 12-month intervals, submit a report in writing to the court and the community program director of the county of commitment, or a designee, setting forth the status and progress of the defendant. The court shall transmit copies of these reports to the prosecutor and defense counsel.
(g) For purposes of this section and Sections 1026.1 to 1026.6, inclusive, “community program director” means the person, agency, or entity designated by the State Department of State Hospitals pursuant to Section 1605 of this code and Section 4360 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.
Notes and commentary — not statutory text
History
Amended by Stats. 2025, Ch. 21, Sec. 48. (AB 116) Effective June 30, 2025.
Source of truth
- Edition
- As published in the Legislative Counsel's database, tables dated October 18, 2026 (pubinfo_2025.zip)
- Official file
- https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PEN§ionNum=1026.
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- compose_ca.py 2026-10-22: the Legislative Counsel's CAML content files read by a tokenizer (caml_readers.reader_a); an independent xml.etree reading (caml_readers.reader_b) agrees on every section
This section cites
Provisions in this library that the text above cites, as it prints each citation. A range cited as “ss. 61.13-61.16” links its first and last provisions.
Penal Code
- Pen. Code, § 1026.1Printed as Sections 1026.1 to 1026.6, inclusive
- Pen. Code, § 1026.5Printed as Section 1026.5
- Pen. Code, § 1026.6Printed as Sections 1026.1 to 1026.6, inclusive
- Pen. Code, § 1203.2Printed as Section 1203.2
- Pen. Code, pt. 2, tit. 15OUTPATIENT STATUS FOR MENTALLY DISORDERED AND DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED OFFENDERSPrinted as Title 15 (commencing with Section 1600) of Part 2
- Pen. Code, § 1605Printed as Section 1605 of this code
Welfare and Institutions Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 4119Printed as Section 4119 of the Welfare and Institutions Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 4146Printed as Section 4146 of the Welfare and Institutions Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 4360Printed as Section 4360 of the Welfare and Institutions Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 4360.5Printed as Section 4360.5 of the Welfare and Institutions Code
Cited by 40 provisions
Provisions in this library whose text cites Pen. Code, § 1026. Each shows the citation as that text prints it.
Code of Civil Procedure
Elections Code
Government Code
Penal Code
- Pen. Code, § 28Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 190.05Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 190.1Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 190.4Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 422.865Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1026.1Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1026.2Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1026.3Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1026.4Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1026.5Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1026.6Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1170.127Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1170.18Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1376Printed as Sections 190.4 and 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1600Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1600.5Printed as Section 1026 or 1026.5
- Pen. Code, § 1612Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 1619Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 9502Printed as Section 1026
- Pen. Code, § 11105.1Printed as Section 1026 of the Penal Code | Section 1026 or 1370 of the Penal Code | Sections 1026 and 1370 of the Penal Code
Welfare and Institutions Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 208Printed as Section 1026 or 1370 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 702.3Printed as Sections 1026, 1026.1, 1026.2, 1026.3, 1026.4, 1026.5, and 1027 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 4027Printed as Sections 1026, 1026.2, 1364, 1370, 1610, and 2684 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 4117Printed as Section 1026 or 1026.5 of the Penal Code | Section 1026, 1026.5, or 2972 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 4361.6Printed as Sections 1026, 1370, and 2972 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 5328Printed as Sections 1026, 1370, 1600, 2962, and 2972 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 5328.01Printed as Section 1026 or 1368 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 5328.2Printed as Section 1026 or 1370 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 5352.5Printed as Section 1026 or 1370 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 6825Printed as Section 1026 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 7228Printed as Section 1026 of the Penal Code | Section 1026 or 1370 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 7275Printed as Sections 1026, 1368, 1369, 1370, and 1372 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 7325.5Printed as Section 1026 of the Penal Code
- Welf. & Inst. Code, § 8103Printed as Section 1026 of the Penal Code
Procedural information only. Not legal advice and not a substitute for the advice of an attorney. Confirm the current text with the official publisher before relying on it.