Pen. Code, § 865 · Chapter 7. Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer

Pen. Code, § 865

Verbatim from the official edition

Text — As published in the Legislative Counsel's database, tables dated October 18, 2026 (pubinfo_2025.zip)

The witnesses must be examined in the presence of the defendant, and may be cross-examined in his behalf.

Notes and commentary — not statutory text

History

Enacted 1872.

Source of truth

Edition: As published in the Legislative Counsel's database, tables dated October 18, 2026 (pubinfo_2025.zip)
Official file: https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PEN&sectionNum=865.
Text hash: sha256 b51ac7d61d12e2b1c3296e214279453bd82455877461bd4183a43f151b36c40c
Composed by: compose_ca.py 2026-10-22: the Legislative Counsel's CAML content files read by a tokenizer (caml_readers.reader_a); an independent xml.etree reading (caml_readers.reader_b) agrees on every section

Procedural information only. Not legal advice and not a substitute for the advice of an attorney. Confirm the current text with the official publisher before relying on it.