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Not legal advice. BenchPath provides procedural information compiled from official public sources. BenchPath's materials are not a substitute for the advice of an attorney or for attorney judgment; they create no attorney–client relationship and do not guarantee acceptance of any filing by any court. Court sources change without notice — verify urgent deadlines with the court, the clerk, or the judicial assistant. Every rule card shows its source, confidence level, and last-verified date; treat anything below high confidence as a lead, not an answer.

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The Texas Constitution

Article 5. JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT

Current through the amendments approved by voters in November 2025 edition. Published by Texas Legislative Council (Texas Constitution and Statutes).

Texas
Law Library
The Texas Constitution
Article 5

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Words from the text, or a citation such as § 90.803 or Fla. R. Civ. P. 1.510

Contents

§ 1JUDICIAL POWER VESTED IN COURTS; LEGISLATIVE POWER REGARDING COURTS.
§ 1-aRETIREMENT, COMPENSATION, DISCIPLINE, AND REMOVAL OF JUSTICES AND JUDGES; STATE COMMISSION ON JUDICIAL CONDUCT.
§ 2SUPREME COURT; JUSTICES.
§ 3JURISDICTION OF SUPREME COURT.
§ 3a(Repealed Nov. 6, 2001.)
§ 3-bDIRECT APPEAL FROM ORDER GRANTING OR DENYING INJUNCTION.
§ 3-cQUESTIONS OF STATE LAW CERTIFIED FROM FEDERAL APPELLATE COURT.
§ 4COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS; JUDGES.
§ 5JURISDICTION OF COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS.
§ 5aCLERKS OF APPELLATE COURTS.
§ 5bSUPREME COURT AND COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS: LOCATION AND TERM.
§ 6COURTS OF APPEALS; JUSTICES; JURISDICTION.
§ 7JUDICIAL DISTRICTS; DISTRICT JUDGES; TERMS OR SESSIONS; ABSENCE, DISABILITY, OR DISQUALIFICATION OF DISTRICT JUDGE.
§ 7aJUDICIAL DISTRICTS BOARD; REAPPORTIONMENT OF JUDICIAL DISTRICTS.
§ 8JURISDICTION OF DISTRICT COURTS.
§ 9CLERK OF DISTRICT COURT.
§ 10TRIAL BY JURY IN CIVIL CASES.
§ 11DISQUALIFICATION OF JUDGES; EXCHANGE OF DISTRICTS; HOLDING COURT FOR OTHER JUDGES.
§ 12JUDGES TO BE CONSERVATORS OF THE PEACE; INDICTMENTS AND INFORMATION.
§ 13GRAND AND PETIT JURIES IN DISTRICT COURTS: COMPOSITION AND VERDICT.
§ 14JUROR QUALIFICATIONS.
§ 15COUNTY COURT; COUNTY JUDGE.
§ 16COUNTY COURTS: JURISDICTION; COUNTY JUDGE POWERS; DISQUALIFICATION OF COUNTY JUDGE.
§ 16a(Repealed Nov. 5, 1985.)
§ 17COUNTY COURT: TERMS, PROSECUTIONS, AND JURIES.
§ 18DIVISION OF COUNTIES INTO PRECINCTS; JUSTICES OF THE PEACE AND CONSTABLES; COUNTY COMMISSIONERS AND COUNTY COMMISSIONERS COURT.
§ 19JURISDICTION OF JUSTICE OF THE PEACE COURTS; EX OFFICIO NOTARIES PUBLIC.
§ 20COUNTY CLERK.
§ 21COUNTY ATTORNEYS; DISTRICT ATTORNEYS.
§ 22(Repealed Nov. 5, 1985.)
§ 23SHERIFFS.
§ 24REMOVAL OF COUNTY OFFICERS.
§ 25(Repealed Nov. 5, 1985.)
§ 26APPEAL BY STATE IN CRIMINAL CASES.
§ 27(Repealed Nov. 6, 2001.)
§ 28VACANCY IN JUDICIAL OFFICE.
§ 29COUNTY COURTS: TERMS OF COURT; PROBATE BUSINESS.
§ 30TERM OF OFFICE OF JUDGES OF COUNTY-WIDE COURTS AND OF CRIMINAL DISTRICT ATTORNEYS.
§ 31COURT ADMINISTRATION AND RULE-MAKING AUTHORITY.
§ 32LEGAL CHALLENGES TO CONSTITUTIONALITY OF STATE STATUTES.

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Procedural information only. Not legal advice and not a substitute for the advice of an attorney. Confirm the current text with the official publisher before relying on it.