Skip to main content

California soon Florida v1 Texas v1

Search Judges Library Intelligence Florida Workflows Pro Se Firms Pricing

Loading…

BenchPath

The procedural intelligence platform for Florida and Texas courts, judges, counties, and case types. Official sources, archived versions, human review, change alerts.

Platform

Search Rules
Law Library
Deadline Calculator
Judge Reports
For Law Firms
For Self-Represented
Pricing
Changelog
Newsroom
Roadmap

Trust

Coverage & Gaps
About
Contact
Methodology
Source Registry
Review Queue
Developers / API

Legal

Corrections
Accessibility
Terms of Use
Privacy
Security

Not legal advice. BenchPath provides procedural information compiled from official public sources. BenchPath's materials are not a substitute for the advice of an attorney or for attorney judgment; they create no attorney–client relationship and do not guarantee acceptance of any filing by any court. Court sources change without notice — verify urgent deadlines with the court, the clerk, or the judicial assistant. Every rule card shows its source, confidence level, and last-verified date; treat anything below high confidence as a lead, not an answer.

© 2026 BenchPath · Florida V1 · Built on official public court sources

Constitution of the State of Florida · BenchPath

Fla. Const.

Constitution of the State of Florida

As revised in 1968 and subsequently amended. 12 articles and 213 sections as printed on the Legislature's page, and the 8 provisions of the Constitution of 1885 its notes reprint. Published by The Florida Legislature (Online Sunshine).

Florida
Law Library
Constitution of the State of Florida

Official index: https://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?Mode=Constitution&Submenu=3&Tab=statutes

Search the text

Words from the text, or a citation such as § 90.803 or Fla. R. Civ. P. 1.510

Article I. DECLARATION OF RIGHTS

§ 1Political power.
§ 2Basic rights.
§ 3Religious freedom.
§ 4Freedom of speech and press.
§ 5Right to assemble.
§ 6Right to work.
§ 7Military power.
§ 8Right to bear arms.
§ 9Due process.
§ 10Prohibited laws.
§ 11Imprisonment for debt.
§ 12Searches and seizures.
§ 13Habeas corpus.
§ 14Pretrial release and detention.
§ 15Prosecution for crime; offenses committed by children.
§ 16Rights of accused and of victims.
§ 17Excessive punishments.
§ 18Administrative penalties.
§ 19Costs.
§ 20Treason.
§ 21Access to courts.
§ 22Trial by jury.
§ 23Right of privacy.
§ 24Access to public records and meetings.
§ 25Taxpayers’ Bill of Rights.
§ 26Claimant’s right to fair compensation.
§ 27Marriage defined.
§ 28Fishing, hunting, and the taking of fish and wildlife.

Article II. GENERAL PROVISIONS

§ 1State boundaries.
§ 2Seat of government.
§ 3Branches of government.
§ 4State seal and flag.
§ 5Public officers.
§ 6Enemy attack.
§ 7Natural resources and scenic beauty.
§ 8Ethics in government.
§ 9English is the official language of Florida.

Article III. LEGISLATURE

§ 1Composition.
§ 2Members; officers.
§ 3Sessions of the legislature.
§ 4Quorum and procedure.
§ 5Investigations; witnesses.
§ 6Laws.
§ 7Passage of bills.
§ 8Executive approval and veto.
§ 9Effective date of laws.

Article IV. EXECUTIVE

§ 1Governor.
§ 2Lieutenant governor.
§ 3Succession to office of governor; acting governor.
§ 4Cabinet.
§ 5Election of governor, lieutenant governor and cabinet members; qualifications; terms.
§ 6Executive departments.
§ 7Suspensions; filling office during suspensions.
§ 8Clemency.
§ 9

Article V. JUDICIARY

§ 1Courts.
§ 2Administration; practice and procedure.
§ 3Supreme court.
§ 4District courts of appeal.
§ 5Circuit courts.
§ 6County courts.
§ 7Specialized divisions.
§ 8Eligibility.
§ 9Determination of number of judges.

Article VI. SUFFRAGE AND ELECTIONS

§ 1Regulation of elections.
§ 2Electors.
§ 3Oath.
§ 4Disqualifications.
§ 5Primary, general, and special elections.
§ 6Municipal and district elections.
§ 7Campaign spending limits and funding of campaigns for elective state-wide office.

Article VII. FINANCE AND TAXATION

§ 1Taxation; appropriations; state expenses; state revenue limitation.
§ 2Taxes; rate.
§ 3Taxes; exemptions.
§ 4Taxation; assessments.
§ 5Estate, inheritance and income taxes.
§ 6Homestead exemptions.
§ 7Allocation of pari-mutuel taxes.
§ 8Aid to local governments.
§ 9

Article VIII. LOCAL GOVERNMENT

This heading is BenchPath navigation. The official text prints these provisions of the Constitution of 1885 as notes.

§ 1Counties.
§ 2Municipalities.
§ 3Consolidation.
§ 4Transfer of powers.
§ 5Local option.
§ 6Schedule to Article VIII.

Provisions of the Constitution of 1885

§ 9Legislative power over city of Jacksonville and Duval County.

Article IX. EDUCATION

§ 1Public education.
§ 2State board of education.
§ 3Terms of appointive board members.
§ 4School districts; school boards.
§ 5Superintendent of schools.
§ 6State school fund.
§ 7State University System.
§ 8State College System.

Article X. MISCELLANEOUS

§ 1Amendments to United States Constitution.
§ 2Militia.
§ 3Vacancy in office.
§ 4Homestead; exemptions.
§ 5Coverture and property.
§ 6Eminent domain.
§ 7Lotteries.
§ 8Census.
§ 9Repeal of criminal statutes.

Article XI. AMENDMENTS

§ 1Proposal by legislature.
§ 2Revision commission.
§ 3Initiative.
§ 4Constitutional convention.
§ 5Amendment or revision election.
§ 6Taxation and budget reform commission.
§ 7Tax or fee limitation.

Article XII. SCHEDULE

This heading is BenchPath navigation. The official text prints these provisions of the Constitution of 1885 as notes.

§ 1Constitution of 1885 superseded.
§ 2Property taxes; millages.
§ 3Officers to continue in office.
§ 4State commissioner of education.
§ 5Superintendent of schools.
§ 6Laws preserved.
§ 7Rights reserved.
§ 8Public debts recognized.

Procedural information only. Not legal advice and not a substitute for the advice of an attorney. Confirm the current text with the official publisher before relying on it.

§ 10Special laws.

§ 11Prohibited special laws.

§ 12Appropriation bills.

§ 13Term of office.

§ 14Civil service system.

§ 15Terms and qualifications of legislators.

§ 16Legislative apportionment.

§ 17Impeachment.

§ 18Conflict of Interest.

§ 19State Budgeting, Planning and Appropriations Processes.

§ 20Standards for establishing congressional district boundaries.

§ 21Standards for establishing legislative district boundaries.

Fish and wildlife conservation commission.

§ 10Attorney General.

§ 11Department of Veterans’ Affairs.

§ 12Department of Elderly Affairs.

§ 13Revenue Shortfalls.

§ 10Retention; election and terms.

§ 11Vacancies.

§ 12Discipline; removal and retirement.

§ 13Ethics in the judiciary.

§ 15Attorneys; admission and discipline.

§ 16Clerks of the circuit courts.

§ 17State attorneys.

§ 18Public defenders.

§ 19Judicial officers as conservators of the peace.

§ 20Schedule to Article V.

§ 21Judicial interpretation of statutes and rules.

Local taxes.

§ 10Pledging credit.

§ 11State bonds; revenue bonds.

§ 12Local bonds.

§ 13Relief from illegal taxes.

§ 14Bonds for pollution control and abatement and other water facilities.

§ 15Revenue bonds for scholarship loans.

§ 16Bonds for housing and related facilities.

§ 17Bonds for acquiring transportation right-of-way or for constructing bridges.

§ 18Laws requiring counties or municipalities to spend funds or limiting their ability to raise revenue or receive state tax revenue.

§ 19Supermajority vote required to impose, authorize, or raise state taxes or fees.

§ 10

Legislative power over city of Key West and Monroe county.

§ 11Dade County, home rule charter.

§ 24Hillsborough County, home rule charter.

§ 10Felony; definition.

§ 11Sovereignty lands.

§ 12Rules of construction.

§ 13Suits against the state.

§ 14State retirement systems benefit changes.

§ 15State operated lotteries.

§ 16Limiting marine net fishing.

§ 17Everglades Trust Fund.

§ 18Disposition of conservation lands.

§ 19[Repealed]

§ 20Workplaces without tobacco smoke or vapor.

§ 21Limiting cruel and inhumane confinement of pigs during pregnancy.

§ 22Parental notice of termination of a minor’s pregnancy.

§ 23Slot machines.

§ 24Florida minimum wage.

§ 25Patients’ right to know about adverse medical incidents.

§ 26Prohibition of medical license after repeated medical malpractice.

§ 27Comprehensive Statewide Tobacco Education And Prevention Program.

§ 28Land Acquisition Trust Fund.

§ 29Medical marijuana production, possession and use.

§ 30Voter control of gambling in Florida.

§ 31Death benefits for survivors of first responders and military members.

§ 32Prohibition on racing of and wagering on greyhounds or other dogs.

§ 9

Bonds.

§ 10Preservation of existing government.

§ 11Deletion of obsolete schedule items.

§ 13Legislative apportionment.

§ 14Representatives; terms.

§ 15Special district taxes.

§ 16Reorganization.

§ 17Conflicting provisions.

§ 18Bonds for housing and related facilities.

§ 19Renewable energy source property.

§ 20Access to public records.

§ 21State revenue limitation.

§ 22Historic property exemption and assessment.

§ 23Fish and wildlife conservation commission.

§ 24Executive branch reform.

§ 25Schedule to Article V amendment.

§ 26Increased homestead exemption.

§ 27Property tax exemptions and limitations on property tax assessments.

§ 28Property tax exemption and classification and assessment of land used for conservation purposes.

§ 29Limitation on the assessed value of real property used for residential purposes.

§ 30Assessment of working waterfront property.

§ 31Additional ad valorem tax exemption for certain members of the armed forces deployed on active duty outside of the United States.

§ 32Veterans disabled due to combat injury; homestead property tax discount.

§ 33Ad valorem tax relief for surviving spouses of veterans who died from service-connected causes and first responders who died in the line of duty.

§ 34Solar devices or renewable energy source devices; exemption from certain taxation and assessment.

§ 35Tax exemption for totally and permanently disabled first responders.

§ 36Additional ad valorem exemption for persons age sixty-five or older.

§ 37Eligibility of justices and judges.

§ 38Prohibitions regarding lobbying for compensation and abuse of public position by public officers and public employees.

§ 39Prohibition on racing of or wagering on greyhounds or other dogs.

§ 40Transfer of the accrued benefit from specified limitations on homestead property tax assessments; increased portability period.

§ 41Ad valorem tax discount for surviving spouses of certain permanently disabled veterans.

§ 42Annual adjustment to homestead exemption value.

Provisions of the Constitution of 1885

§ 17Bonds; land acquisition for outdoor recreation development.
§ 19Institutions of higher learning and junior college capital outlay trust fund bonds.
§ 16Board of administration; gasoline and like taxes, distribution and use; etc.
§ 18School bonds for capital outlay, issuance.